Third, the present study made a distinction between вЂrespect for religious rulesвЂ™ and вЂparticipation in religious rituals Footnote 3вЂ and deals with the prior because (a) there are plenty of intellectuals among our subjects who strongly believe that religious rules are faultless, although they have significantly reduced their participation in religious rituals Footnote 4. Therefore, the sample of this study includes academicians, successful experts, and participants with high education levels. вЂIntellectualityвЂ™ is a difficult concept to clarify, as other prevalent notions, however, this research has been prepared in response to the uncertainty posed by a literature which has been reviewed under the sub-heading вЂAre intellectuals more religious?вЂ™ This literature shows that researchers linked religiosity and intellectuality to each other under two subtopics: While the first topic addresses the relationship between education level and religiosity, the other emphasized high mental capacity by tracing successful scientists and IQ test results. In order to take advantage of this visibility, subjects were selected as mentioned in the вЂMethodвЂ™ section, with exceptions. Second, although the article appears to focus on intellectuals, our results showed that the proposed dynamic answering the title, is valid for all skeptics who is experiencing life Footnote 2, but it become more visible in intellectual skeptics. This study suggests that the mentioned issue of вЂtrustвЂ™ is the initiator of decreases or increases in religiosity. Indeed, in 80% of the 136 religiosity scales collected by Hill and Hood ( 1999) from 1935 to 1995, the extent to which the participant believed in the scriptures was questioned. Nevertheless, the strength of belief could be determined by the level of individualвЂ™s trust or respect for religious rules (dogma), since dogma is an element of faith. Since these choices cannot be improved, they cannot be measured Footnote 1. Present study suggests that, belief and disbelief are iso-structural paradigms in which an individual chooses to be in one or the other. First, the notion of вЂbeliefвЂ™ and вЂfaithвЂ™ will be used as synonyms and point out an acknowledgement of a creator or cognitive orientation to a transcendental spirituality. Why identical intellectual patterns lead Lang and Barker to different paths, and why did the same pattern cause Lang to lose his belief first and then return to religion? Before working on the problem, three issues need to be clarified. Lang and Barker both questioned their current states and eventually decided upon reverse paths. (Daniel Edwin Barker, an American activist, Wisconsin)вЂќ I would cry out to God for answers, and none would comeвЂ¦ When I finally discarded faith, things became more and more clear. Faith and reason began a war within me, and it kept escalating. вЂњI was happy with the fulfillment of my Christian life on the other hand, I had intellectual doubts. The findings suggested that, increasing or decreasing belief and therefore to some extent religiousness is an enhancive or reductive reading of the initial choice made in favor of doubt. Across the study, this model was tested through in-depth interviews with 53 subjects. Skeptics generally abandon their dogmas they suspect and begin to establish an independent cognitive map. Believers ignore the distortion in favor of dogma, in the hope of a future solution or re-organize their dogmas to fit their intellectual achievements. Intellectual development distort the internal consistency of the вЂњdogmatic mapвЂќ and people react to this distortion in different ways to make the dogmatic map consistent again. Subsequent intellectual achievements strengthen the chosen paradigm and makes a personвЂ™s belief or disbelief stable but increases or decreases the suspicious belief based upon the situation. Individuals make a choice when they are young, between holding a certain belief or disbelief on the one hand, or being a skeptic on the other. The author asserts a dynamic model to address this ambiguity. Others posited, religiosity is positively associated with these factors or is unresponsive to them. Numerous studies suggested that intelligence and exposure to higher education reduce religiosity. Intellectuality and religiosity are controversial concepts in terms of their relationship.

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